Academic Search Complete

  • AND: default (alternatively: term AND term)
  • OR: term OR term
  • NOT: term NOT term
  • Exact Phrase: “exact phrase search”
  • Grouping: term AND (term OR term)

Bing

  • AND: default
  • OR: term OR term
  • NOT: term NOT term
  • Exact Phrase: “exact phrase search”
  • Grouping: Not available

Google

  • AND: default
  • OR: term OR term
  • NOT: term -term (example: animal -cat)
  • Exact Phrase: “exact phrase search”
  • Grouping: term AND (term OR term)

WorldCat

  • AND: term AND term
  • OR: term OR term
  • NOT: term NOT term
  • Exact Phrase: “exact phrase search”
  • Grouping: term AND (term OR term)

Startpage.com

  • AND: term AND term
  • OR: term OR term
  • NOT: term NOT term
  • Exact Phrase: “exact phrase search”
  • Grouping: term AND (term OR term)

License

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Critical Thinking in Academic Research Copyright © 2022 by Cindy Gruwell and Robin Ewing is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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